Knowledge and experience of Primary Education teachers regarding childhood asthma: mixed study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the knowledge of Primary Education teachers regarding asthma and learn about their experiences with the exacerbation of symptoms at school. METHOD: Sequential explanatory mixed study. In the quantitative stage, the Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire and the characterization instrument were applied. Data analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The production of qualitative data occurred from written statements analyzed using the deductive content analysis method. RESULTS: Two hundred and seven teachers, mostly women (92%) and working in public schools (82%). As for knowledge, 132 (63.8%) had unsatisfactory performance. The questions with the lowest rates of correct answers were about medications used regularly and during the attacks. Teachers with higher scores had less time in the occupation (p = 0.017) and had been diagnosed with asthma (p = 0.006). In the qualitative stage, 35 teachers participated and the statements corroborated the quantitative findings, especially in relation to the knowledge gap and feeling of greater safety among asthmatic teachers. CONCLUSION: Teachers showed insufficient knowledge and reported fear and unpreparedness in the face of the situation.

Knowledge and experience of Primary Education teachers regarding childhood asthma: mixed study / Conocimiento y experiencia de docentes de Educación Básica sobre el asma infantil: estudio mixto / Conhecimento e vivência de professores da Educação Básica com relação à asma na infância: estudo misto

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the knowledge of Primary Education teachers regarding asthma and learn about their experiences with the exacerbation of symptoms at school. Method: Sequential explanatory mixed study. In the quantitative stage, the Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire and the characterization instrument were applied. Data analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The production of qualitative data occurred from written statements analyzed using the deductive content analysis method. Results: Two hundred and seven teachers, mostly women (92%) and working in public schools (82%). As for knowledge, 132 (63.8%) had unsatisfactory performance. The questions with the lowest rates of correct answers were about medications used regularly and during the attacks. Teachers with higher scores had less time in the occupation (p = 0.017) and had been diagnosed with asthma (p = 0.006). In the qualitative stage, 35 teachers participated and the statements corroborated the quantitative findings, especially in relation to the knowledge gap and feeling of greater safety among asthmatic teachers. Conclusion: Teachers showed insufficient knowledge and reported fear and unpreparedness in the face of the situation.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar el conocimiento de docentes de Educación Básica sobre el asma y conocer sus experiencias con la agudización de los síntomas en la escuela. Método: Estudio mixto del tipo explicativo secuencial. En la etapa cuantitativa, el Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire y el instrumento de caracterización fueron aplicados. Datos fueron analizados por estadística descriptiva e inferencial. La producción de datos cualitativos se basó en declaraciones escritas analizadas utilizando el método de análisis de contenido deductivo. Resultados: Doscientos siete docentes, en su mayoría mujeres el 92%) y trabajando en escuelas públicas (el 82%). En cuanto al conocimiento, 132 (el 63,8%) tuvieron desempeño insatisfactorio. Las preguntas con las tasas más bajas de respuestas correctas fueron sobre medicamentos utilizados regularmente y durante la crisis. Los docentes con puntajes más altos tenían menos tiempo de trabajo (p = 0,017) y habían sido diagnosticados con asma (p = 0,006). En la etapa cualitativa participaron 35 docentes y las declaraciones corroboraron los hallazgos cuantitativos, especialmente en relación a la brecha de conocimiento y sensación de mayor seguridad entre los docentes asmáticos. Conclusión: Los docentes tenían conocimientos insuficientes y relataron temor y falta de preparación ante la situación.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o conhecimento de professores da Educação Básica com relação à asma e conhecer suas vivências diante da exacerbação dos sintomas na escola. Método: Estudo misto do tipo explanatório sequencial. Na etapa quantitativa, foi aplicado remotamente o Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire e o instrumento de caracterização. Dados analisados por estatística descritiva e inferencial. A produção dos dados qualitativos ocorreu a partir de depoimentos escritos analisados pelo método de análise de conteúdo dedutivo. Resultados: Duzentos e sete professores, maioria do sexo feminino (92%) e atuante em escolas públicas (82%). Quanto ao conhecimento, 132 (63,8%) apresentaram desempenho insatisfatório. As questões com menores índices de acerto eram sobre medicamentos utilizados regularmente e na crise. Os professores com maiores pontuações tinham menor tempo de atuação (p = 0,017) e possuíam diagnóstico de asma (p = 0,006). Na etapa qualitativa, participaram 35 professores e os depoimentos corroboraram os achados quantitativos, sobretudo com relação à lacuna de conhecimento e sentimento de maior segurança entre os professores asmáticos. Conclusão: Os professores apresentaram conhecimento insuficiente e relataram medo e despreparo frente à situação.

School inclusion of children and adolescents with epidermolysis bullosa: The mothers' perspective.

OBJECTIVE: to understand the school inclusion of children and adolescents with Epidermolysis Bullosa from the mothers' perspective. METHOD: qualitative study, based on Urie Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Theory of Development, conducted between September and November 2021. Interviews were conducted with six mothers from different Brazilian locations, recording audio and video using the Google Meet® platform. The statements were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: two categories were identified: i) The school microsystem: challenges and adaptations for inclusion of children and adolescents with Epidermolysis Bullosa; ii) The school-family mesosystem: possibilities to promote better school inclusion. Mothers highlighted the challenges in school inclusion as well as the benefits provided by social interaction. In order to facilitate the inclusion, the school microsystem promoted adaptations in the teaching-learning process, structural changes, hiring of caregivers, and dialogues with family members. CONCLUSION: initially, school inclusion was permeated by feelings such as fear and anguish, but the adaptations contributed to promote well-being, welcoming, and social integration of children and adolescents.

School inclusion of children and adolescents with epidermolysis bullosa: The mothers' perspective / Inclusión escolar de niños y adolescentes con epidermólisis bullosa: la perspectiva materna / Inclusão escolar de crianças e adolescentes com epidermólise bolhosa: a perspectiva materna

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the school inclusion of children and adolescents with Epidermolysis Bullosa from the mothers' perspective. Method: qualitative study, based on Urie Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Theory of Development, conducted between September and November 2021. Interviews were conducted with six mothers from different Brazilian locations, recording audio and video using the Google Meet® platform. The statements were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: two categories were identified: i) The school microsystem: challenges and adaptations for inclusion of children and adolescents with Epidermolysis Bullosa; ii) The school-family mesosystem: possibilities to promote better school inclusion. Mothers highlighted the challenges in school inclusion as well as the benefits provided by social interaction. In order to facilitate the inclusion, the school microsystem promoted adaptations in the teaching-learning process, structural changes, hiring of caregivers, and dialogues with family members. Conclusion: initially, school inclusion was permeated by feelings such as fear and anguish, but the adaptations contributed to promote well-being, welcoming, and social integration of children and adolescents.

RESUMEN Objetivo: estudiar la inclusión escolar de niños y adolescentes con Epidermólisis Bullosa desde la perspectiva materna. Método: estudio cualitativo, fundamentado en la Teoría Bioecológica del Desarrollo de Urie Bronfenbrenner, realizado entre septiembre y noviembre de 2021. Se realizaron entrevistas a seis madres de diferentes localidades brasileñas, grabadas en audio y vídeo, utilizando la plataforma Google Meet®. Las declaraciones se analizaron mediante un análisis temático. Resultados: surgieron dos categorías: i) El microsistema escolar: desafíos y adaptaciones para la inclusión de niños y adolescentes con Epidermólisis Bullosa; ii) El mesosistema escuela-familia: posibilidades de promover una mejor inclusión escolar. Las madres destacaron los retos de la inclusión escolar, así como los beneficios que aporta la interacción social. Para facilitar la inclusión, el microsistema escolar promovió adaptaciones del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, cambios estructurales, contratación de cuidadores y diálogo con los familiares. Conclusión: al comienzo la inclusión escolar estaba impregnada de sentimientos como miedo y angustia, pero las adaptaciones contribuyeron a promover el bienestar, la acogida y la integración social de los niños y adolescentes.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender a inclusão escolar de crianças e adolescentes com epidermólise bolhosa na perspectiva materna. Método: estudo qualitativo, fundamentado na Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento de Urie Bronfenbrenner, realizado entre setembro e novembro de 2021. Foram realizadas entrevistas com seis mães de diferentes localidades brasileiras, áudio e vídeogravadas, utilizando a plataforma Google Meet®. Os depoimentos foram analisados mediantes análise temática. Resultados: Foram identificadas duas categorias: i) O microssistema escolar: desafios e adaptações para inclusão de crianças e adolescentes com epidermólise bolhosa; ii) O mesossistema família-escola: possibilidades para promover maior inclusão escolar. As mães destacaram os desafios da inclusão escolar, bem como os benefícios proporcionados pela interação social. A fim de facilitar a inclusão, o microssistema escolar promove adaptações do processo de ensino aprendizagem, mudanças estruturais, contratação de cuidadores e interlocução com os familiares. Conclusão A inclusão escolar foi inicialmente permeada por sentimentos como medo e angústia, mas as adaptações contribuíram para promover bem-estar, acolhimento e integração social das crianças e adolescentes.